CVE Alert: CVE-2025-46407 – SAIL Image Decoding Library – SAIL Image Decoding Library
CVE-2025-46407
A memory corruption vulnerability exists in the BMPv3 Palette Decoding functionality of the SAIL Image Decoding Library v0.9.8. When loading a specially crafted .bmp file, an integer overflow can be made to occur which will cause a heap-based buffer to overflow when reading the palette from the image. These conditions can allow for remote code execution. An attacker will need to convince the library to read a file to trigger this vulnerability.
AI Summary Analysis
Risk verdict
Why this matters
Most likely attack path
Who is most exposed
Detection ideas
- Heap- or segmentation faults during BMP palette decoding in the library (crash dumps pointing to the decoding module).
- Unusual memory usage or crashes shortly after processing a BMP file.
- Logs showing attempts to load paletted BMPs from network or user input.
- Presence of a known PoC trigger in test or staging environments.
- Anomalous network/file activity around image upload endpoints.
Mitigation and prioritisation
- Apply vendor patch or upgrade to a fixed library version; verify integrity of the update.
- In the interim, disable or isolate BMP palette decoding, run the library in a sandbox, and elevate memory protections.
- Restrict image inputs, implement thorough input validation, and apply least-privilege execution for processes using the library.
- Patch-testing plan: staging validation, regression checks, and change-window documentation.
- If KEV or EPSS data become available, reassess to treat as priority 1.
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