CVE Alert: CVE-2025-53510 – SAIL Image Decoding Library – SAIL Image Decoding Library
CVE-2025-53510
A memory corruption vulnerability exists in the PSD Image Decoding functionality of the SAIL Image Decoding Library v0.9.8. When loading a specially crafted .psd file, an integer overflow can be made to occur when calculating the stride for decoding. Afterwards, this will cause a heap-based buffer to overflow when decoding the image which can lead to remote code execution. An attacker will need to convince the library to read a file to trigger this vulnerability.
AI Summary Analysis
Risk verdict
High risk: remote code execution via the PSD decoding path if an affected library is invoked; PoC exists and exploitation could occur after a user or service processes a crafted file.
Why this matters
A heap-based overflow arising from integer overflow in stride calculation enables code execution with high impact across confidentiality, integrity and availability. If exposed through network-facing image-processing or upload pipelines, attacker goals include full host compromise or persistence, escalating risk for web services, CMS plugins, and enterprise imaging workflows.
Most likely attack path
An attacker delivers a malicious PSD; the target user or service opens or decodes it via the SAIL library. The flaw triggers during stride calculation, causing a heap overflow and remote code execution. Requires user interaction and occurs in code paths that accept network-provided files, with no privileges required beyond those of the running process.
Who is most exposed
Systems that decode PSDs from user input or network sources using this library—such as web apps handling image uploads, content-management plugins, or imaging pipelines in enterprise environments—are most at risk.
Detection ideas
- Crashes, segfaults or heap corruption during PSD decoding.
- Unusual memory allocation patterns or use-after-free logs tied to the image decoding path.
- Anomalous PSD file sizes or structures triggering decoding anomalies.
- Runtime alerts around the specific decoding library process during file upload flows.
- Post-exploitation indicators if exploitation succeeds (unexpected process integrity changes).
Mitigation and prioritisation
- Patch upgrade to the patched library version as soon as available; if not yet released, disable PSD decoding or isolate the decoding process in a sandbox.
- Implement strict input controls: reject or sandboxly process PSDs from untrusted sources; enforce file-type validation.
- Enable memory-safety mitigations (ASLR/DEP), and compile with hardened flags where feasible.
- Apply compensating controls: minimal privileges for image-processing services; network segmentation for upload endpoints.
- Change-management: test in staging with representative PSDs; schedule deployment in next maintenance window.
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