Vulnerabilities

Daily Vulnerability Trends: Mon Jan 16 2023

January 16, 2023

trend 15 — Daily Vulnerability Trends (sourced from VulnMon)

CVE NAME	CVE Description
CVE-2022-3656	Insufficient data validation in File System in Google Chrome prior to 107.0.5304.62 allowed a remote attacker to bypass file system restrictions via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Medium)
CVE-2020-28362	Go before 1.14.12 and 1.15.x before 1.15.4 allows Denial of Service.
CVE-2022-41049	Windows Mark of the Web Security Feature Bypass Vulnerability. This CVE ID is unique from CVE-2022-41091.
CVE-2023-20025	No description provided
CVE-2022-23529	node-jsonwebtoken is a JsonWebToken implementation for node.js. For versions `<= 8.5.1` of `jsonwebtoken` library, if a malicious actor has the ability to modify the key retrieval parameter (referring to the `secretOrPublicKey` argument from the readme link of the `jwt.verify()` function, they can write arbitrary files on the host machine. Users are affected only if untrusted entities are allowed to modify the key retrieval parameter of the `jwt.verify()` on a host that you control. This issue has been fixed, please update to version 9.0.0.
CVE-2020-0688	A remote code execution vulnerability exists in Microsoft Exchange software when the software fails to properly handle objects in memory, aka ‘Microsoft Exchange Memory Corruption Vulnerability’.
CVE-2023-21752	Windows Backup Service Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability.
CVE-2018-3729	localhost-now node module suffers from a Path Traversal vulnerability due to lack of validation of file, which allows a malicious user to read content of any file with known path.
CVE-2022-41080	Microsoft Exchange Server Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability. This CVE ID is unique from CVE-2022-41123.
CVE-2023-21746	Windows NTLM Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability.
CVE-2023-20026	No description provided
CVE-2023-21674	Windows Advanced Local Procedure Call (ALPC) Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability.
CVE-2022-4379	A use-after-free vulnerability was found in __nfs42_ssc_open() in fs/nfs/nfs4file.c in the Linux kernel. This flaw allows an attacker to conduct a remote denial
CVE-2022-46169	Cacti is an open source platform which provides a robust and extensible operational monitoring and fault management framework for users. In affected versions a command injection vulnerability allows an unauthenticated user to execute arbitrary code on a server running Cacti, if a specific data source was selected for any monitored device. The vulnerability resides in the `remote_agent.php` file. This file can be accessed without authentication. This function retrieves the IP address of the client via `get_client_addr` and resolves this IP address to the corresponding hostname via `gethostbyaddr`. After this, it is verified that an entry within the `poller` table exists, where the hostname corresponds to the resolved hostname. If such an entry was found, the function returns `true` and the client is authorized. This authorization can be bypassed due to the implementation of the `get_client_addr` function. The function is defined in the file `lib/functions.php` and checks serval `$_SERVER` variables to determine the IP address of the client. The variables beginning with `HTTP_` can be arbitrarily set by an attacker. Since there is a default entry in the `poller` table with the hostname of the server running Cacti, an attacker can bypass the authentication e.g. by providing the header `Forwarded-For: `. This way the function `get_client_addr` returns the IP address of the server running Cacti. The following call to `gethostbyaddr` will resolve this IP address to the hostname of the server, which will pass the `poller` hostname check because of the default entry. After the authorization of the `remote_agent.php` file is bypassed, an attacker can trigger different actions. One of these actions is called `polldata`. The called function `poll_for_data` retrieves a few request parameters and loads the corresponding `poller_item` entries from the database. If the `action` of a `poller_item` equals `POLLER_ACTION_SCRIPT_PHP`, the function `proc_open` is used to execute a PHP script. The attacker-controlled parameter `$poller_id` is retrieved via the function `get_nfilter_request_var`, which allows arbitrary strings. This variable is later inserted into the string passed to `proc_open`, which leads to a command injection vulnerability. By e.g. providing the `poller_id=;id` the `id` command is executed. In order to reach the vulnerable call, the attacker must provide a `host_id` and `local_data_id`, where the `action` of the corresponding `poller_item` is set to `POLLER_ACTION_SCRIPT_PHP`. Both of these ids (`host_id` and `local_data_id`) can easily be bruteforced. The only requirement is that a `poller_item` with an `POLLER_ACTION_SCRIPT_PHP` action exists. This is very likely on a productive instance because this action is added by some predefined templates like `Device – Uptime` or `Device – Polling Time`. This command injection vulnerability allows an unauthenticated user to execute arbitrary commands if a `poller_item` with the `action` type `POLLER_ACTION_SCRIPT_PHP` (`2`) is configured. The authorization bypass should be prevented by not allowing an attacker to make `get_client_addr` (file `lib/functions.php`) return an arbitrary IP address. This could be done by not honoring the `HTTP_…` `$_SERVER` variables. If these should be kept for compatibility reasons it should at least be prevented to fake the IP address of the server running Cacti. This vulnerability has been addressed in both the 1.2.x and 1.3.x release branches with `1.2.23` being the first release containing the patch.
CVE-2022-42475	A heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability [CWE-122] in FortiOS SSL-VPN 7.2.0 through 7.2.2, 7.0.0 through 7.0.8, 6.4.0 through 6.4.10, 6.2.0 through 6.2.11, 6.0.15 and earlier and FortiProxy SSL-VPN 7.2.0 through 7.2.1, 7.0.7 and earlier may allow a remote unauthenticated attacker to execute arbitrary code or commands via specifically crafted requests.

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Tags: CVE, OSINT, vulnerability