Ioctlance – A Tool That Is Used To Hunt Vulnerabilities In X64 WDM Drivers

d3dbd5723d64481cef0060e478a0ca2593580d5b65f502af0a19b2224ef4eed1

Description

Presented at CODE BLUE 2023, this project titled Enhanced Vulnerability Hunting in WDM Drivers with Symbolic Execution and Taint Analysis introduces IOCTLance, a tool that enhances its capacity to detect various vulnerability types in Windows Driver Model (WDM) drivers. In a comprehensive evaluation involving 104 known vulnerable WDM drivers and 328 unknow n ones, IOCTLance successfully unveiled 117 previously unidentified vulnerabilities within 26 distinct drivers. As a result, 41 CVEs were reported, encompassing 25 cases of denial of service, 5 instances of insufficient access control, and 11 examples of elevation of privilege.


Features

Target Vulnerability Types

  • map physical memory
  • controllable process handle
  • buffer overflow
  • null pointer dereference
  • read/write controllable address
  • arbitrary shellcode execution
  • arbitrary wrmsr
  • arbitrary out
  • dangerous file operation

Optional Customizations

  • length limit
  • loop bound
  • total timeout
  • IoControlCode timeout
  • recursion
  • symbolize data section

Build

Docker (Recommand)

docker build .

Local

dpkg --add-architecture i386
apt-get update
apt-get install git build-essential python3 python3-pip python3-dev htop vim sudo \
openjdk-8-jdk zlib1g:i386 libtinfo5:i386 libstdc++6:i386 libgcc1:i386 \
libc6:i386 libssl-dev nasm binutils-multiarch qtdeclarative5-dev libpixman-1-dev \
libglib2.0-dev debian-archive-keyring debootstrap libtool libreadline-dev cmake \
libffi-dev libxslt1-dev libxml2-dev

pip install angr==9.2.18 ipython==8.5.0 ipdb==0.13.9

Analysis

# python3 analysis/ioctlance.py -h
usage: ioctlance.py [-h] [-i IOCTLCODE] [-T TOTAL_TIMEOUT] [-t TIMEOUT] [-l LENGTH] [-b BOUND]
[-g GLOBAL_VAR] [-a ADDRESS] [-e EXCLUDE] [-o] [-r] [-c] [-d]
path

positional arguments:
path dir (including subdirectory) or file path to the driver(s) to analyze

optional arguments:
-h, --help show this help message and exit
-i IOCTLCODE, --ioctlcode IOCTLCODE
analyze specified IoControlCode (e.g. 22201c)
-T TOTAL_TIMEOUT, --total_timeout TOTAL_TIMEOUT
total timeout for the whole symbolic execution (default 1200, 0 to unlimited)
-t TIMEOUT, --timeout TIMEOUT
timeout for analyze each IoControlCode (default 40, 0 to unlimited)
-l LENGTH, --length LENGTH
the limit of number of instructions for technique L engthLimiter (default 0, 0
to unlimited)
-b BOUND, --bound BOUND
the bound for technique LoopSeer (default 0, 0 to unlimited)
-g GLOBAL_VAR, --global_var GLOBAL_VAR
symbolize how many bytes in .data section (default 0 hex)
-a ADDRESS, --address ADDRESS
address of ioctl handler to directly start hunting with blank state (e.g.
140005c20)
-e EXCLUDE, --exclude EXCLUDE
exclude function address split with , (e.g. 140005c20,140006c20)
-o, --overwrite overwrite x.sys.json if x.sys has been analyzed (default False)
-r, --recursion do not kill state if detecting recursion (default False)
-c, --complete get complete base state (default False)
-d, --debug print debug info while analyzing (default False)

Evaluation

# python3 evaluation/statistics.py -h
usage: statistics.py [-h] [-w] path

positional arguments:
path target dir or file path

optional arguments:
-h, --help show this help message and exit
-w, --wdm copy the wdm drivers into <path>/wdm

Test

  1. Compile the testing examples in test to generate testing driver files.
  2. Run IOCTLance against the drvier files.

Reference



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